The simplest battery charger

This is perhaps the simplest battery charger you can think of. This kind of exercise has helped me out more than once in difficult situations. It is quite easy to assemble it on your own in the absence of a soldering iron and other radio elements. This charger can charge a motorcycle or car battery in various difficult situations.

The simplest battery charger
Of course, I do not recommend using such a device in everyday life, because all its parts, including the battery, are under a life-threatening voltage of 220 volts, but for a one-time use it is quite suitable, of course, subject to basic electrical safety rules. Its biggest advantage is the obvious simplicity of the design, which does not require extensive knowledge in radio electronics and scarce parts. And the big disadvantage is low efficiency. Let's get acquainted with the charger circuit:
The simplest battery charger

It has only two parts: an incandescent lamp and a diode. When using a 100-watt incandescent lamp, the battery charging current is about 0.25 amperes, which is quite enough to charge a motorcycle battery. You can also hang another lamp of the same type and get about 0.5 Ampere.Details: any standard incandescent lamp, 250 volts; any diode - voltage 250 volts and current not lower than 0.5 A.

Here is an even more complex circuit of this charger.

The simplest battery charger

It already contains four diodes or one diode bridge. Here from one 100 Watt lamp the current is about 0.5 Ampere. But naturally, you can increase it by hanging more incandescent lamps in parallel at the rate of 1 lamp = 0.5 A. Calculate the power of the diodes yourself depending on the number of lamps and a voltage of at least 250 volts.

In general, a battery should be charged to 0.1 of its capacity. That is, if a battery has a capacity of 90 amperes/hour, then the current through it should be 9 amperes. The time from complete discharge to full charge will be about 10-12 hours. But usually few people charge with this current and they usually charge twice as much and take longer. I am telling you this so that you can calculate your charging time yourself.

Personally, I had such a case. Once I arrived at the dacha and, out of awkwardness, forgot to turn off the lights. After several hours of work at the dacha, before driving, I inserted the key into the ignition and realized that the battery was completely discharged. Not only are there no cars nearby, there are no people nearby to ask for help. Fortunately, there was electricity at the dacha. I quickly rummaged around in the shed and found a Soviet board from a tube TV. I tore out the rectifier board with diodes from there. Well, finding a light bulb is not a problem. I assembled everything in about twenty minutes. I removed the battery, connected everything, and turned it on. (If you do something similar, don’t confuse the sequence of actions!). I went and had some tea. After two or three hours I decided to try to start it, the battery was not new, but not old either. Turned it off, installed the battery, started it.The car started without any difficulties. Well, then let the car charging system work. And I got home without any problems.

P.S.: I would like to once again draw your attention to compliance with electrical safety rules! Before all work, turn off the power supply! 220 volt voltage is dangerous to life!
Be extra careful!
come back
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Comments (18)
  1. Grandfather
    #1 Grandfather Guests 19 November 2010 16:54
    4
    Logical. +5 points for intelligence! smile
  2. Rycmuk
    #2 Rycmuk Guests 4 June 2012 16:47
    4
    won't 220v be bad for a 12v battery?
  3. Serg
    #3 Serg Guests 15 April 2013 15:36
    1
    I think it’s still better to take a charger with you.
  4. frdgfg
    #4 frdgfg Guests 31 May 2013 20:46
    2
    Thanks for the advice!!!
  5. cop5
    #5 cop5 Guests 25 January 2014 17:10
    3
    Yes, it is likely that the battery may overheat due to such voltage
  6. amateur
    #6 amateur Guests 15 June 2015 12:55
    1
    Rycmuk,
    Will not be. The voltage at its terminals will be between 12-15 volts - Ohm's law will take care of this.Even when using a kilowatt bulb, the current will not exceed the nominal 5 amperes. The only way to create a problem is to short-circuit the light bulb. (I use a similar circuit with a quenching capacitor - the efficiency is fine, but there is a real danger of breakdown.
    1. Edward
      #7 Edward Guests 27 August 2017 20:10
      2
      you can use two capacitors connected in series, the current will be half as much. And if one capacitor breaks down, the second one remains in the circuit and then the current will be almost nominal. The Chinese use a capacitor rectifier in battery-powered flashlights to charge a 4 Volt lead battery, everything works great. If put our Soviet capacitor with a voltage reserve. For example, at 600 volts, then it won’t matter when it breaks. A neighbor I know in the motor town uses a similar circuit, two capacitors MBGCH 4MKF * 600V connected in parallel and in series with a rectifier and battery. Lightweight and compact charger .Somewhere I heard that such a pulsating direct current circuit is more favorable for the battery and supposedly eliminates sulfation of the plates
      1. Grigory Donetsk
        #8 Grigory Donetsk Guests December 7, 2018 19:00
        1
        There is no galvanic isolation in this circuit, so you first connect the terminals and then plug them into the socket, otherwise it won’t work much.
    2. Mazda2
      #9 Mazda2 Visitors 17 November 2022 17:41
      0
      Why will there be 12-15V on Akum?
  7. Gennady
    #10 Gennady Guests 14 October 2015 09:48
    1
    What if you use an air heater (TEN) instead of a light bulb? Is it possible, or will charging not occur?
    1. anvar aminov
      #11 anvar aminov Guests 4 July 2018 20:06
      0
      The advantage of the light bulb is that as it charges, the intensity will decrease slightly
      1. anvar aminov
        #12 anvar aminov Guests 4 July 2018 20:10
        0
        This is of course a joke, otherwise some people will really expect tension
  8. Edward
    #13 Edward Guests 27 August 2017 20:03
    0
    Instead of a light bulb, you can solder an 8uF/400V capacitor in front of the rectifier, then the entire circuit can be placed in the housing from the plug adapter. The most important advantage of such a circuit is that it is not afraid of a short circuit at the output.
  9. Guest Alex
    #14 Guest Alex Guests January 21, 2018 11:17
    1
    I had a similar situation. True, to charge a 60-amp battery, I used a 1 kW electric stove, and the charge yielded about 5 amperes. But for practical use, I would recommend this scheme only in exceptional cases and only if you are comfortable with electricity, because... There is a serious danger of electric shock!
  10. ALEXANDER KOLISNICHENKO
    #15 ALEXANDER KOLISNICHENKO Guests March 3, 2018 01:04
    0
    I don’t understand, is it April 1st?
    1. Hino
      #16 Hino Guests 5 April 2018 16:41
      5
      It's physics, brother...